Cook the pasta in boiling salted water until al dente, about 8 minutes. Drain and set aside.
In a saucepan, melt butter over medium heat, then whisk in flour and cook for about 1 minute until lightly golden and fragrant.
Gradually pour in heavy cream while whisking continuously to prevent lumps, then bring to a gentle simmer for 2 minutes until the sauce starts to thicken.
Stir in shredded cheddar cheese, smoked paprika, hot sauce, and season with salt and pepper. Keep stirring until the cheese melts into a smooth, fiery sauce.
Add the cooked pasta to the cheese sauce, tossing gently to coat every piece evenly. The sauce should be rich and creamy with a hint of heat.
Preheat your oven to 200°C (390°F). Transfer the cheesy pasta mixture into a greased baking dish.
Mix toasted panko breadcrumbs with melted butter and cayenne pepper, then sprinkle evenly over the top of the pasta.
Bake in the oven for 15-20 minutes until the top is golden brown and bubbling around the edges.
Remove from oven and let rest for 5 minutes—this helps the cheese set and makes serving easier.
Garnish with extra hot sauce or herbs if desired, then serve hot to enjoy the gooey, spicy cheese goodness with a crispy topping.